华人生死学
生前预嘱推广演讲中的死亡话语素养实践 ——讲者叙事定位与听众反馈
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Death Discourse Literacy Practice in Living Will Promotion Speeches:Speakers" Narrative Positioning and Audience Feedback
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    摘要:

    本研究以“死亡话语素养”和“叙事定位”为理论框架,以主题导向的话语分析为方法,考察生前预嘱推广活动中讲者的叙事话语和听众反馈,探究其中的死亡话语素养实践。语料为三场分别针对大学生、安宁志愿者、养老院住户的宣讲活动。研究发现,通过对故事中医患及家属的决策话语权关系、讲者与听众的权势或等同关系、对宏观传统话语之挑战的叙事定位,讲者呈现和建构了以生前预嘱来规划临终阶段医疗决策、掌握生命自主权的相关知识和积极态度,践行了死亡话语素养。听众增强了对生前预嘱的了解和积极态度,部分人随即采取了相关(话语)行动;部分人对生前预嘱的法律效力持怀疑态度;也有部分人对谈论此议题持消极逃避态度。在讲者与听众的互动过程中,死亡话语素养得以实践和发展。

    Abstract:

    This study explored death discourse literacy practice by examining speakers" narratives and audience"s feedback in living will promotion events. "Death discourse literacy" (Luo & Gao, 2023) and "narrative positioning" (Bamberg, 1997) were adopted as the theoretical frameworks and "theme-oriented discourse analysis"(Sarangi, 2010) as the analytical framework. The data consisted of three living will promotion speeches targeting university students, hospice care volunteers, and retirement home residents. The analysis of the speakers"storiesrevealed different distributions of decision-making power among doctors, patients, and family members, multiplepower andsolidarity relationsbetween the speakers and audience, and challenges to the macro discourse of tradition. Through such narrative positioning, the speakers constructed relevantknowledge and positive attitudes towards planning end-of-life medical decisions and asserting one"s autonomyaboutlifethrough living will. The audience gained a certain knowledge of living will, with some taking immediate (discourse) actions; some expressed skepticism aboutthe legal effectiveness of living will, while others held a negative or evadingattitude toward the issue. Through interactions between the speakers and their audience, death discourse literacy waspracticed and enhanced.

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刘臣玮,罗正鹏,高一虹.生前预嘱推广演讲中的死亡话语素养实践 ——讲者叙事定位与听众反馈[J].华人生死学,2024,(2):24-37

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  • 收稿日期:2024-06-08
  • 最后修改日期:2024-12-22
  • 录用日期:2024-12-22
  • 在线发布日期: 2024-12-31
  • 出版日期: 2024-12-05
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