Elderly cancer patients are at high risk of suicide, and the risk is affected by many factors such as cancer type and diagnosis stage. The influencing factors cover three dimensions of biology, psychology and society, and the risk is formed through the interaction of " biology-psychology-society " model. Among them, palliative care can indirectly reduce the risk of suicide. Digital health intervention has potential but needs more evidence, but there is insufficient research on direct intervention for suicidal ideation. At present, there are some problems in the research on suicide in elderly cancer patients, such as inaccurate data, insufficient understanding of the mechanism, and lack of evidence for intervention. It is recommended to establish a standardized data monitoring and sharing system, conduct longitudinal cohort studies, and design multi-mode preventive intervention programs to build a safety protection network and reduce the risk of suicide in this group. By systematically reviewing the research progress of suicide in elderly cancer patients, exploring its epidemiological status, multi-dimensional influencing factors and interaction mechanism, and evaluating the effectiveness of existing intervention strategies, it can provide a basis for future research directions and clinical practice recommendations.