In the mid-19th century, as the Portuguese colonial administration in Macau pursued policies of territorial expansion, numerous existing Chinese tombs on the peninsula were forcibly relocated north of the Porta do Cerco and surrounding areas. Consequently, the burial practices of Macao"s Chinese residents gradually shifted from the previously relatively unrestricted selection of burial sites to an institutionalised model of "Cross-border Funeral" confined to specific border zones. Following the enactment of Macao"s first cemetery management regulation, the Statutes for the Administration of the Public Cemetery (Cemetery of St. Miguel), in 1869, the Portuguese authorities" tolerance for Chinese burials on the peninsula markedly diminished. Although the colonial administration had not yet obtained recognition of their jurisdiction over Macau from the Qing government, the colonial administration promulgated the Regulations for the Administration of Chinese Cemeteries in 1881. It authorised the Macao "s Kiang Wu Hospital to coordinate burial affairs for local Chinese, establishing the "Macao Chinese Cemetery" to advance public health governance and spatial restructuring. This initiative not only established Kiang Wu Hospital as the dominant force in Chinese death governance but also further encouraged the Chinese community in Macau to gradually accept the trend of relocating ancestral burials to villages on the city"s outskirts. It simultaneously shaped a spatial order of death that transcended jurisdictional boundaries.